Reported on the mailinglist:
"
I discovered recently that if an application running inside st tries to
send a DCS string, subsequent Unicode characters get messed up. For
example, consider the following test-case:
printf '\303\277\033P\033\\\303\277'
...where:
- \303\277 is the UTF-8 encoding of U+00FF LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH
DIAERESIS (ÿ).
- \033P is ESC P, the token that begins a DCS string.
- \033\\ is ESC \, a token that ends a DCS string.
- \303\277 is the same ÿ character again.
If I run the above command in a VTE-based terminal, or xterm, or
QTerminal, or pterm (PuTTY), I get the output:
ÿÿ
...which is to say, the empty DCS string is ignored. However, if I run
that command inside st (as of commit 9ba7ecf), I get:
ÿÿ
...where those last two characters are \303\277 interpreted as ISO8859-1
characters, instead of UTF-8.
I spent some time tracing through the state machines in st.c, and so far
as I can tell, this is how it works currently:
- ESC P sets the "ESC_DCS" and "ESC_STR" flags, indicating that
incoming bytes should be collected into the strescseq buffer, rather
than being interpreted.
- ESC \ sets the "ESC_STR_END" flag (when ESC is received), and then
calls strhandle() (when \ is received) to interpret the collected
bytes.
- If the collected bytes begin with 'P' (i.e. if this was a DCS
string) strhandle() sets the "ESC_DCS" flag again, confusing the
state machine.
If my understanding is correct, fixing the problem should be as easy as
removing the line that sets ESC_DCS from strhandle():
diff --git a/st.c b/st.c
index ef8abd5..b5b805a 100644
--- a/st.c
+++ b/st.c
@@ -1897,7 +1897,6 @@ strhandle(void)
xsettitle(strescseq.args[0]);
return;
case 'P': /* DCS -- Device Control String */
- term.mode |= ESC_DCS;
case '_': /* APC -- Application Program Command */
case '^': /* PM -- Privacy Message */
return;
I've tried the above patch and it fixes my problem, but I don't know if
it introduces any others.
"
Similar to the xterm AllowWindowOps option, this is an option to allow or
disallow certain (non-interactive) operations that can be insecure or
exploited.
NOTE: xsettitle() is not guarded by this because st does not support printing
the window title. Else this could be exploitable (arbitrary code execution).
Similar problems have been found in the past in other terminal emulators.
The sequence for base64-encoded clipboard copy is now guarded because it allows
a sequence written to the terminal to manipulate the clipboard of the running
user non-interactively, for example:
printf '\x1b]52;0;ZWNobyBoaQ0=\a'
Add the functionality back in for xterm compatibility, but do not expose the
capability in st.info (yet).
Some notes:
It was reverted because it caused some issues with ncurses in some
configurations, namely when using BSD padding (--enable-bsdpad, BSD_TPUTS) in
ncurses it caused issues with repeating digits.
A fix has been upstreamed in ncurses since snapshot 20200523. The fix is also
backported to OpenBSD -current.
This reverts commit e8392b282c.
There is currently a bug in older ncurses versions (like on OpenBSD) where a
fix for a bug with REP is not backported yet. Most likely in tty/tty_update.c:
Noticed while using lynx (which uses ncurses/curses).
To reproduce using lynx: echo "Z0000000" | lynx -stdin
or using the program:
int
main(void)
{
WINDOW *win;
win = initscr();
printw("Z0000000");
refresh();
sleep(5);
return 0;
}
This prints "ZZZZZZZ" (incorrectly).
The sequence \e[Nb prints the last printed char N (more) times if it's
printable, and it's ignored after newline or other control chars.
This is Ecma-048/ANSI-X3.6 sequence and not DEC VT. It's supported by
xterm, and ncurses uses it when possible, e.g. when TERM is xterm* (and
with this commit also st*).
xterm supports only codepoints<=255, possibly due to internal limits.
We support any value/codepoint which was placed in a cell.
To test:
- tput rep 65 4 -> prints 'AAAA'
- printf "\342\225\246\033[4b" -> prints U+2566 1+4 times.
St uses a very good hack where mouse wheel genereates ^Y and ^E,
that are the same keys that less and vi uses for backward and
fordward scrolling. Scroll, as many terminal emulators, use
shift+Prev/Next for scrolling, but it is also using ^E and ^Y
for scroling, characters that are reserved in the POSIX shell
in emacs mode for end of line and yanking, making scroll unsable
in st.
This patch adds a new hack, making shift+wheel returning the
same sequences than shift+Prev/Next, meaning that scroll or
any other similar program will not be able to differentiate
between them.
Fix an issue with incorrect (partial) written sequences when libc wcwidth() ==
-1. The sequence is updated to on wcwidth(u) == -1:
c = "\357\277\275"
but len isn't.
A way to reproduce in practise:
* st -o dump.txt
* In the terminal: printf '\xcd\xb8'
- This is codepoint 888, on OpenBSD it reports wcwidth() == -1.
- Quit the terminal.
- Look in dump.txt (partial written sequence of "UTF_INVALID").
This was introduced in:
" commit 11625c7166
Author: czarkoff@gmail.com <czarkoff@gmail.com>
Date: Tue Oct 28 12:55:28 2014 +0100
Replace character with U+FFFD if wcwidth() is -1
Helpful when new Unicode codepoints are not recognized by libc."
Change:
Remove setting the sequence. If this happens to break something, another
solution could be setting len = 3 for the sequence.
st could easily tear/flicker with animation or other unattended
output. This commit eliminates most of the tear/flicker.
Before this commit, the display timing had two "modes":
- Interactively, st was waiting fixed `1000/xfps` ms after forwarding
the kb/mouse event to the application and before drawing.
- Unattended, and specifically with animations, the draw frequency was
throttled to `actionfps`. Animation at a higher rate would throttle
and likely tear, and at lower rates it was tearing big frames
(specifically, when one `read` didn't get a full "frame").
The interactive behavior was decent, but it was impossible to get good
unattended-draw behavior even with carefully chosen configuration.
This commit changes the behavior such that it draws on idle instead of
using fixed latency/frequency. This means that it tries to draw only
when it's very likely that the application has completed its output
(or after some duration without idle), so it mostly succeeds to avoid
tear, flicker, and partial drawing.
The config values minlatency/maxlatency replace xfps/actionfps and
define the range which the algorithm is allowed to wait from the
initial draw-trigger until the actual draw. The range enables the
flexibility to choose when to draw - when least likely to flicker.
It also unifies the interactive and unattended behavior and config
values, which makes the code simpler as well - without sacrificing
latency during interactive use, because typically interactively idle
arrives very quickly, so the wait is typically minlatency.
While it only slighly improves interactive behavior, for animations
and other unattended-drawing it improves greatly, as it effectively
adapts to any [animation] output rate without tearing, throttling,
redundant drawing, or unnecessary delays (sounds impossible, but it
works).
This patch must be applied on the externalpipe patch. It adds the
function externalpipein to redirect the standard output of the external
command to the slave size of the pty, that is, as if the external
program had been manually executed on the terminal. It can be used to
send desired escape sequences to the terminal with a shortcut.
I created the patch to make use of the dynamic-colors program
(https://github.com/sos4nt/dynamic-colors) that uses the OSC escape
sequences to change the colors of the terminal. The program keeps the
last colorscheme selected in a file, so you can use it to select the
colorscheme for all newly opened terminals from that moment on. If you
want to change the color of the background and foreground independently
from the palette, you have to merge in the patch for the OSC escape
sequences 10, 11, and 12.
This patch includes the changes of the externalpipe sigaction patch to
prevent reseting the signal handler for SIGCHLD when the proces of the
external command exits.
This patch should be applied on top of the externalpipe patch. It
prevents the reset of the signal handler set on SIGCHILD, when the
forked process that executes the external process exits. I opted for
switching from signal to sigaction instead of rearming the signal in the
sigchld function, just because it is the recommended function (although I
tried both ways and both worked).
Support for OSC escape sequences 10, 11 and 12 to modify the bg, fg and
cursor colors. I selected entries in the colorname table after the 255
position for defaultfg, defaultbg and defaultcs
When an OCS sequence was used to change the bg color, the borders where
dirty. This simple patch just clears the window before the redraw of the
terminal when the bg color has been changed. This is apparently enough
and seams to be very smooth. There was a TODO comment for it on the st.c
file, which I removed.
St used to use backspace as BS until the commit 230d0c8, but due
to general lack of knowledge of lusers, we moved to the most common
configuration in linux to avoid answering the same question 3 times
per month. With the most common configuration we have a backspace
that returns a DEL, and we have a Delete key that doesn't return a
DEL character neither a BS.
When dealing with devices connected using a serial line (or even
with Plan9) it is more common Backspace as BS and Delete as DEL. For
this reason, st is not always the best tool when you talk with a
serial device.
This patch adds new terminfo entries for Backspace as BS and Delete
as DEL. A patch for confg.h is also added, to make easier switch
between both configurations.
When a read operation returns 0 then it means that we arrived to the end of the
file, and new reads will return 0 unless you do some other operation such as
lseek(). This case happens with USB-232 adapters when they are unplugged.
Scroll is a program that stores all the lines of its child and be used in st as
a way of implementing scrollback.
This solution is much better than implementing the scrollback in st itself
because having a different program allows to use it in any other program
without doing modifications to those programs.
bakkeby